Contemporary Issues in Business (Individual Report) Essay

Contemporary Issues in Business (Individual Report) - Essay Example Over significant stretches of land time, the earth’s atmosphere has been continually changing in light of the tilt and state of the earth’s circle as it moves around the sun, the quality and power of the sun combined with the arrangement of the earth’s environment, the essential shape and position of the landmasses. There has been solid proof that some human exercises, for example, the utilization of non-renewable energy sources are liable for the steady outflow of destructive ozone depleting substances that are presently causing an expansion in the earths calm notwithstanding different changes in atmosphere (Richter 2010). Nursery outflows are right now anticipated to increment altogether inside the following scarcely any decades which will cause an expansion in worldwide temperatures and accordingly put to incredible hazard the human culture and regular habitat around the world (Pedersen and Nordic Council of Ministers 2000). Environmental Change and the Greenh ouse Effect The temperature on the outside of the earth is generally dictated by the harmony between the vitality that is continually re-transmitted to space from the earth for the most part as infra-red radiation and the vitality that originates from the sun which apparently is as noticeable radiation (daylight). At the point when the daylight goes through the earth’s climate, it has generally almost no warming impact however when it at long last figures out how to come into contact with the earth’s surface, it warms it and the earth thusly warms the air by both convection and by means of discharge of infra-red radiation which are consumed by the ozone harming substances (R.I.C. Distributions 2007). The ozone harming substances in the long run return a portion of the infra-red radiation back to the earth’s surface which winds up further warming the earth’s surface. A similarity of this chain of occasions is frequently made regarding nurseries which for t he most part permit daylight to go through their reasonable plastic or glass which in turns stop the warmth that is inside the green house from getting away into the air and subsequently the utilization of the term â€Å"greenhouse effect† (R.I.C. Distributions 2007). Non-renewable energy sources and the adjustment in Climate System Fossil energizes are shaped when the assortments of living beings bite the dust and stay compacted and warmed over incredibly extensive stretches of time to frame normal gases, oil and coal. At the point when consumed, petroleum products are believed to create noteworthy measures of vitality a factor which makes them be considered as a very significant vitality source. Nonetheless, the consuming of these petroleum derivatives creates the emanation of carbon dioxide, bringing about the presentation into the carbon pattern of carbon that would have in any case despite everything stayed caught in the earth’s geosphere (Downie, Brash and Vaugha n 2009). It is at present evaluated that the consuming of petroleum products is liable for adding to the air an expected 3.2 billion metric huge amounts of carbon. Since the earth’s carbon cycle can't assimilate the entirety of this abundance carbon being discharged into the atmospher

Explain “The Time Machine’s” View Of Humanity?

H. G. Wells was captivated by the hypothesis of advancement and how far that humanity could control its own fate. This is clear in different books of Wells, for example, â€Å"War of the Worlds† and â€Å"The Shape of Things to Come†. Anyway no place is his dread for humanity's future more apparent than in his novel â€Å"The Time Machine†. His affection for humankind in emergency and logical speculations have delivered this incredible book, that has an astonishing impression of what could be viewed as the perspectives and negative butterflies of the writer. Actually I accept there are two characters in the novel that current Wells' perspectives. I accept that the principle character of the book named â€Å"The Time Traveller† was intended to speak to the writer's dread and frustrate for the fate of mankind. The other character being â€Å"Filby† who is the â€Å"Time Traveller's† closest companion is by all accounts an endless positive thinker whom is trusting that one day humanity will see the blunder of its ways and make an about abandon the destiny that Wells depicts to be that of man later on. To concentrate inside and out the â€Å"Time Machine's† depiction of mankind we should additionally investigate the various social orders at various times of the novel and discover the â€Å"Time Machine's † sees on these social gatherings. Being carefully sequential, the principal society that we should take a gander at so as to make a correlation was the general public of lawfulness to which he had a place, Victorian England. A poor time and spot to live in, the basic society barely brought in enough cash to endure and illness before long spread among the urban communities and in the long run made London smell unpleasantly. These occasions were of prosper to those in the privileged societies who floundered in more cash than one normal human would ever try to aggregate. These individuals thought of themselves just as the high society this was to the degree that those lower would not be permitted to address the privileged residents. Treacherously those more unfortunate than themselves were not treated as a general public in destitution yet they were treated as sluggish dissatisfied crowd that were treated as slaves. Now in history kid work had not yet been abrogated and youngsters were as yet treated like slaves doing all the undertakings that the privileged would have never at any point realized how to finish. Most residents of the lower classes were inadequately spoken and were uneducated, these individuals new of just their exchange that could gain them a modest quantity of cash to eat and rest. In contrast with this tiring dishonorable time, Wells, in the early piece of the book is utilizing Filby as the storyteller and the main piece of this general public that is addressed by the novel is the high society. I think this demonstrates a numbness to the individuals underneath him nearly to the degree where one could state that Wells was embarrassed or humiliated to live in the period that he did and he depicted this through the early sections of The Time Machine. We can tell this by taking a gander at the multifaceted nature of logical understanding that Filby and The Time Traveler groups. In and around that period in history just the extremely privileged would be this finely educated. Additional proof to help this case of numbness towards the lower class is that solitary the high positioning significant nearby figures are available at the presentation and showing of the time machine. Such figures incorporate a Provincial Mayor, a therapist, a clinical man and an Editor. These high class calculates all expressive and demonstrated great comprehension of the Time Traveler's hypotheses. I feel that this shows Wells who is depicting his perspectives through the novel isn't content with the rubbish and unhealthy time in which he lives however will successfully get out into what's to come. Now economic wellbeing had a key influence in the public arena and it appears that Wells needs to encounter a world with out this coupling moral code. After The Time Traveler brings his first plunge into the future he experiences another general public in the extremely removed future. Which for no evident explanation he names the Eloi. This new society works in totally different manner to what The Time Traveler is utilized to. â€Å"Apparently, the house or even the possibility of a family, had evaporated. â€Å",†Ã¢â‚¬ËœCommunism! ‘† I said to myself. † These two statements show The Time Traveler's incredible stun to seeing the debasing of society, on the off chance that you could call it society. He arrives at the resolution that the human species had in the long run developed so far that they not, at this point had any need to fight for themselves or work by any means. All work equivalent in this new socialist society and meat was not anyplace on the menu. The Eloi carefully devoured the natural products that they each collect when they feel like it from the huge organic product garden which is currently earth. All memory of design and human advancement has finished evaporated without follow from humankind. The Time Traveler is by all accounts frustrated at the straightforward loosened up society he has entered in the far future. As he can't help thinking that the entirety of humanity's history and long transformative procedure has all been to no end. He didn't discover anything that would please him in this spot. I feel that now Wells gets skeptical about what humanity's future could hold. At the point when The Time Traveler sees that man has developed into basic socialist creatures his expectations of meeting a propelled present day world are devastated and he will start to investigate the new world to discover something that will give him a reinvestment of plan to keep him inspired. Later on in the story The Time Traveler finds a subsequent underground race. He makes the determination that the Eloi or upper world may have advanced from the once preferred privileged or high society and the black market society or â€Å"The Morlocks† by name given when Traveler developed from the working mechanical hirelings of that very nobility. The Morlocks chased and benefited from the Eloi. They chased in packs and joined together indicating the solid social bond comparative mission for endurance and social increase that the lower classes of Victorian England appeared. Finding the new race didn't make The Time Traveler any longer idealistic, in truth this may of even made him considerably more sad than previously. Presently he has seen the future aftereffect of two races advancing to shape a basic assortment of basic creatures doing just accommodating their needs and joy. There was no mechanical development or social progressed. Practically like mankind had arrived at a pinnacle numerous years prior to The Time Traveler had halted to inspect things and afterward started to degenerate into basic cheerful socialist creatures that were all equivalent. I imagine that The Time Traveler's last perspective on humankind isn't one of expectation or hopefulness, â€Å"Once again I saw the diminish shadows, that were proof of debauched humanity†. This is his last perspective, he has seen the end. He has seen what is alluded to in the novel as the dusk of humankind. He has nothing to anticipate. He realizes that man is some day to get wiped out. So do we as a whole, however we despite everything have the best expectation that our last hour won't be unexpectedly early. The Time Traveler surrenders all desire for consistently having the option to change the sufficiently world to stay away from the horrible debauchery of our race. I think it is difficult to tell whether Wells' is a cynic or not through the activities and expressions of his characters. I think The Time Traveler's character is conflicting. He began as a self assured person with each expectation of going ahead or back in time and sparing or improving mankind. In any case, as The Time Traveler sees increasingly more of the diminish and removed future he turns into a worry wart with nothing in his desires. While Filby, has an inspirational viewpoint from the beginning of the story and in the epilog offers his input and persuasive synopsis to prod on humankind to progress admirably and remain predominant. I figure it would be hard to conclude whether Wells' is speaking to himself through The Time Traveler or through Filby. In any case, I have arrived at the resolution that Wells is the confident person with an inspirational point of view. I think this in spite of the fact that without the epilog the book would have a wrong realistic closure it despite everything is the main spot, I accept, where Wells has placed his actual trusts in humankind into the story. I think Wells has utilized the Time Traveler to pass on a portion of his different perspectives and speculations into World. All in all I feel that Wells would not have portrayed the present current world as an oppressed world. This is on the grounds that all that humankind has worked for throughout the years is in actuality and profiting many individuals. There is as yet social request and an equity framework. Wells' last view is one of far off yet prosperous expectation, and I suspect as much long as the book drives the peruser to accept this it will bring their optimal world into a more promising time to come.

We Ask Admissions Officers Whats the #1 Fact You Wish Applicants Knew

We Ask Admissions Officers What's the #1 Fact You Wish Applicants Knew SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips School confirmations can be befuddling, with a great deal of opposing data tossed around. It's difficult to isolate truth from fiction, which is disappointing since a lot is on the line and you may not understand you committed errors until it's awfully late. In this restrictive article, we chose to counsel college affirmations officials and advocates around the nation to get through the commotion. We asked them a straightforward inquiry: What's the #1 certainty you wish school candidates thought about confirmations? The outcomes may astound you. #1: We Want a Well-Rounded Class, Not Well-Rounded Students We've all heard the proverb of schools preferring balanced understudies, such a significant number of cheerful candidates attempt to do a smidgen of everything simultaneously. This may be a gigantic error. Jeannine Lalonde, Senior Assistant Dean of Admission at University of Virginia, lets us know: The territory that understudies appear to redirect so much candidate time and vitality away from progressively significant things is the extracurricular segment of the application.When I was in school, somebody thought of the expression the balanced understudy and I dread that term has become and gooney bird that sticks around everybody secondary school understudy's neck. They believe there's a check list that we use as we read and we need to see initiative, sports, network administration, something innovative, something scholarly, and so forth. They imagine that in the event that they don't do everything, at that point they should be a specialist in a certain something. So either be a handyman, or went to the Olympics. The truth of the matter is that the way of thinking at my school and numerous others has advanced. We're hoping to manufacture a balanced class. A balanced class has a wide range of understudies in it. Truly, however, scholastics will consistently start things out. So measure of network administration will make an affirmation official overlook that an understudy didn't challenge themselves in secondary school. At the point when I read a record, the majority of my time is spend dissecting the transcript, perusing the suggestions, and understanding articles. Extracurricular exercises are...extra! #2: Demonstrate Your Character - Be Someone Colleges Want In Their Community Applications aren't just about your test outcomes and accomplishments. Schools need you to be somebody they're happy with tolerating in their locale. Your main responsibility is to exhibit that you have the character to be this individual. Song Barash, previous English teacher and confirmations advisor at U Michigan, Rutgers, and Douglass College, composes: What is important mostthe one thing you can control in the confirmations procedure and for the remainder of your lifeis your character. When you appear, what can individuals depend on you for? This is truly what universities need to know. Schools are networks, and affirmations officials are building different networks of people who will mix and work togetherin homerooms, apartments, and over the expansive scope of exercises that make up the school network. Utilize the school procedure to investigate your character: what are your qualities, your interests, and particularly your responsibilities? When you know where you are going, think once again into your background and reveal the narratives that are associated with that place you are going. Where are the minutes when you changed, developed or had any kind of effect? Those pivotal turning points are the cauldron of character; those are the minutes you need to expound on in your school affirmation and grant papers. #3: Use the Admissions Office to Your Advantage Confirmations workplaces appear to be overwhelming - they can choose your destiny and a huge number of different understudies in a solitary stroke. Be that as it may, you ought to understand that the workplace is comprised of individuals who care about the school and about their understudies. Jeff Knox, previous Admissions Officer at University of Pittsburgh, exhorts: The normal school confirmations proficient is youthful, ordinarily in her 20s. Understudies will in general think entrance advisory boards are comprised of a lot of more established curmudgeons examining their applications and expositions over bifocals.Don’t be reluctant to call or email the affirmations workplaces. They are (quite often) very overall quite accommodating. As far as I can tell, I manage a great deal of understudies worrying over entirely basic inquiries that could without much of a stretch be replied with a basic call. Particularly in light of the fact that universities have various strategies and inclinations and on the grounds that understudy questions are frequently so explicit, it’s critical to go to the source with numerous inquiries. As opposed to speculating or attempting to make sense of it all alone, simply contact the confirmations office legitimately. #4: Maximize the Effectiveness ofthe Supplemental Essay Private confirmations instructor and Harvard PhD Robert Kohenbelieves that understudies think little of the estimation of the supplemental article. Regarding this as an idea in retrospect is a serious mix-up: Understudies devote such a great amount of time to consummating their own article that they frequently neglect to allow for the littler, supplemental inquiries that most universities pose on the application. These articles for the most part ask about for what reason the understudy needs to go to a specific school. It's basic that understudies both invest sufficient energy looking into the school and calibrating these expositions. The most widely recognized error understudies make is essentially rehashing nonexclusive data about the college: it's in an incredible city, its scholastics are dynamite, and the grounds is delightful for sure. Rather, understudies ought to expound on explicit subtleties that line up with their own advantages and show they've gotten their work done. For instance, does the college offer a specific kind of understudy bunch extraordinary to that school? Does it have a specific teacher the understudy is keen on working with, or an uncommon research foundation that addresses the understudy's scholastic advantages? It's important that understudies remember these sorts of subtleties for their supplemental articles so as to stand apart from the group. What's Next? Is there a consuming inquiry you need replied by school confirmations officials? We'll connect with our system. Simply leave a remark beneath about what you need us to inquire. Need to exceed expectations on the SAT or ACT? Peruse our popular advisers for scoring an ideal SAT score or an ideal ACT score. How great of a SAT/ACT score do you have to get into your objective school? Ascertain your objective score for the SAT or the ACT. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4 points?We've composed a guide for each test about the main 5 methodologies you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

Coleridges Philosophy of Imagination - Literature Essay Samples

Coleridges Philosophy of Imagination February 1, 2005 In Kubla Khan, Samuel Coleridge depicts the great Mongol ruler Kubla Khan creating a palace representative of his great power and ability to induce fear. But near the end of the poem Coleridge reveals that Kubla is a metaphor for an inspired poet. Thus Kublas palace is like a poets creation and represents how his imagination constructs poetry. During the course of the poem, Coleridge utilizes images and symbols to enlighten the reader as to his philosophy of how the imagination functions. Most of the poem describes the untamed forces of nature, implying that the poet is uncontrollable, and his imagination rages on in creation with chaotic movement. But Coleridge also subtly hints that there is an element of conscious control in the imagination, which he represents with images of prophesy and inspiration. Since the images of chaotic creation dominate the poem, Coleridge suggests that the process of imagination is largely a mystery. Coleridge gives a direct explanation of his theories on imagination in his book Biographia Literaria, and the philosophy he describes parallels the images of imagination in Kubla Khan. First he distinguishes between two different kinds of imagination: he describes the primary imagination as a faculty allowing man to form concepts, make connections, and organize the information received from the world; and the secondary imagination includes mans ability to create new images. The secondary is a similar concept to creativity and is the focus of Kubla Khan. He says that the secondary dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to recreate (477). Coleridge also writes that the poet creates by that synthetic and magical powerof imagination (482). Therefore, his philosophy notes both a cognizant and wild aspect of imagination: the terms dissolves, diffuses, dissipates and synthetic show that a conscious effort is needed; and by deeming creation magical Coleridge suggests that imagination also has an untamed aspect. Scenes of wild nature, which make up the majority of images in Kubla Khan, represent the riotous, magical side of what Coleridge terms the secondary imagination. The palace depicted in the poem is a place where one finds violent and turbulent forces of nature everywhere. Coleridge describes, A savage place!holy and enchanted (14). Since this is a metaphor for a poets creativity, savage deems the secondary imagination as unrestrained, while enchanted endues it with a tint of wonderthis echoes the term magical used in Biographia. The poem continues: And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seethingA mighty fountain momently was forced (17,19). This passage also panders to the notion that creativity is untamed. The phrase ceaseless turmoil suggests that creativity spins forward in a chaotic fashion. And the fountain that springs from the earth is symbolic of the spontaneous creation of an idea. Other images of chaotic action dominate the poem in phrases such as mazy motion (25), lend ing to the conclusion that the secondary imagination is chiefly uncontrolled. A large section at the end of the poem describes the poet who could conceive of such a palace as dangerously volatile, continuing the theme of untamed creation begun with scenes of nature. Coleridge writes that when people will see the poet, All should cry, Beware! Beware! (49). These warnings imply that the poet is in a state of unrestrained thoughthis imagination has made him unpredictable. Similarly, Coleridge refers to a magic ritual that warns all to steer clear of a poet in creation. It reads: Weave a circle round him thrice, (51) instructing onlookers to regard a poet with caution. Again, the secondary imagination is associated with a sense of enchantment and anarchistic creation. And since this image comprises a substantial portion of the poem, the mysterious aspect of creation is given great weight. In contrast to the numerous images of free and spontaneous creation, Kubla Khan suggests that the secondary imagination operates on a conscious level as well. However, these suggestions are sparse and this aspect easy to overlookthere are only two images of this process. Therefore, Coleridge suggests that creation does not heavily rely on conscious processes. One image is of Kubla hearing prophetic advice. The passage reads: And mid this tumult Kubla heard from far / Ancestral voices prophesying war! (29-30). Here, Kublas ability to hear ancestral voices prophesying argues that he is able to consciously ascertain how to conduct his thought. And saying that Kubla can thoughtfully plan his actions mid this tumult of natures havoc, Coleridge implies that these different facets of secondary imagination work in coordination. The conscious aspect of creativity described as prophesy resonates with the processes of diffusion and dissipation that Coleridge explains in Biographia. The other im age of consciously controlled creation is projected via the inspiration the poet receives from an Abyssinian maid (39). To create with an inspiring thought in mind is to make something starting from a base. For instance, Coleridge wrote Kubla Khan with inspiration from a tale of Kublas powerful reign. Consequently, the poem depicts a poet whose goal is to attain the level of awe and wonder that Kubla created in all those he ruled. Thus inspiration is a premeditated source of the secondary imagination. Coleridges philosophy of the imagination sent new currents through the intellectual community in the years following his publications. Romanticism, the movement Coleridge was a part of, took a deep interest in the mind of the artista subject that was previously neglected. Kubla Khan demonstrates that the artists mind particularly the poets mind operates on both a tumultuous and self-conscious level. Perhaps Coleridges views upon the imagination provide another lens for analyzing Coleridges other works, and works of his colleagues in the Romantic era.

Analyse the Dramatic Uses of the Chorus in Greek Tragedy;...

The full influence of Greek tragedy upon our modern theatre is incomprehensible, with the mainstays of theatrical convention largely demonstrating roots within Greek tragedy. The choric function is just one of these conventions. This essay hopes to explore various uses of the Chorus within Greek tragedies by Aeschylus and Sophocles, and then to analyse how traits of a Greek Chorus, and the choric function can be found within 20th Century Theatre. The Chorus in Greek tragedy was a large group (it is suggested between 12 and 30) of people who sang or chanted songs and poems that helped set the scene of the play, bring the audience up to date with the events preceding the play and inform the audience of any political or social consequences†¦show more content†¦They explain, ‘Fears a good gateman to stand guard of the passions (page 100). For Sophocles the Chorus has yet again a more reduced role, as more actors are introduced into his plays. The focus yet again turns towards dialogue between characters, and away from interaction purely between actor and Chorus. The Sophoclean Chorus is not emotionally separate from the action, it is involved emotively with the story being portrayed, and can show sympathy (and in contrast, hatred) towards the events on the stage. In Sophocles Oedipus the King the Chorus function as witnesses to the downfall of Oedipus from proud monarch to blind, helpless man. The Chorus first speech to Oedipus describes the plague that has infected the city. As Oedipus insists he wants to find the murderer of Laius, the Chorus suggest that he ask Teiresias (page 194). The Chorus here prompts the actor to step further towards his impending fate. The Chorus also prove to be a calming influence, trying to mediate between Teiresias, Oedipus, Creon and Jocasta at various points within the play. They also are still optimistic when the truth is nearly out, telling Oedipus to, ‘hope, until you hear from the man who saw what happened (page 216). The Chorus within

Knowledge Management in an Individual Organization- Free-Samples

Question: Evaluate Critically using the different approaches and the Concepts of KM on a substantial Case Study using Systems Ideas with respect to Knowledge Management. Answer: Proposal title To identify organizational issues regarding knowledge dissemination as a part of knowledge management in a individual organization Introduction of the organization The chosen organization has been a place where I have worked previously and the chief service of the organization has been digital marketing. More precisely, the organization desires to become one of the leading corporate brands in the world of digital promotion and broadcast. The organization had an impressive extent of reputation and used to handle a wide range of human resource. Expected Deliverables of the assignment A business analysis assignment it will involve identification of the contemporary issues related to knowledge management and more precisely knowledge dissemination and thereafter make an in depth analysis of them. Finally, evaluation of varied solutions will be delivered. Approach towards the solution Varied literary sources will be assessed for acquiring a convenient solution. Books and journal articles will be taken into utmost consideration and it will be kept in mind that scholarly books and journal articles, which have published after the year 2013 will be taken . Potential risks foreseeable Lack of time Authority of the previous workplace may get offended Inadequate information to reach to a proper solution The management of the previous organization may not agree to provide information regarding knowledge management Timeline and work breakdown Activities Time To gather secondary knowledge regarding knowledge management and knowledge dissemination One week To analyze the secondary resources 3 days To identify and assess the issues of the considered organization regarding knowledge dissemination 5 days To recommend attainable solution 2 days Conclusion: It is expected that the project will evaluate the importance of knowledge dissemination, identify the existing issues regarding it and will successfully suggest convenient solution against them. References: Hislop, D., 2013.Knowledge management in organizations: A critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Wang, S., Noe, R.A. and Wang, Z.M., 2014. Motivating knowledge sharing in knowledge management systems: A quasifield experiment.Journal of Management,40(4), pp.978-1009. Holtshouse, D.K., 2013.Information technology for knowledge management. Springer Science Business Media. Noruzy, A., Dalfard, V.M., Azhdari, B., Nazari-Shirkouhi, S. and Rezazadeh, A., 2013. Relations between transformational leadership, organizational learning, knowledge management, organizational innovation, and organizational performance: an empirical investigation of manufacturing firms.The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, pp.1-13. Birasnav, M., 2014. Knowledge management and organizational performance in the service industry: The role of transformational leadership beyond the effects of transactional leadership.Journal of Business Research,67(8), pp.1622-1629.

Women In Combat (1962 words) Essay Example For Students

Women In Combat (1962 words) Essay Women In CombatWomen in CombatIn the 1970s, the services traditional attitude toward women was challenged; change was forced upon a reluctant establishment (Holm, 198). The decision to end the draft was the catalyst to such change. This decision allowed for womens participation in the armed forces in unprecedented numbers. The United States Armed Forces have more female numbers than any other nation in the world, both in actual numbers and in percentages (Holm, 1982). The drive for an all-volunteer force, along with an ?aggressive tide of feminism? and congressional passage of the equal rights Amendments led to a gradual shift in the role and status of women in the military (Holm, 1982). In todays military, women were no longer confined to traditional roles in the medical and administrative fields. Almost all military job categories and military occupational specialties (MOS) have been opened to women. They now repair tanks, warplanes, and intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). They serve on naval vessels that deploy to service ships and submarines of the operational fleet and on Coast Guard cutters operating off United States shores. They serve on missile crews, operate heavy equipment, and direct air traffic. They also provide essential support to combat troops in the field (Holm, 1982). It appears that women have been integrated into practically every aspect of the military; yet there are some jobs that remain closed to them, namely-direct combat specialties (Holm, 1982; Goldman, 1982). It is over these residual exclusions that controversy rages. We will write a custom essay on Women In Combat (1962 words) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Technically, women are barred by low or policy from what is defined in narrow terms as ?combat?. Each of the United States Armed Services excludes females from active Combat. The nature and extent of the exclusion varies with each service. Yet, many argue that the distinction between combat and non-combat becomes blurred in the context of women warfare (Gilder, 1979; Holm, 1982, Goldman, 1982). In actually, many women are assigned to jabs that will expose them to enemy attack, and this has been openly acknowledged by the top Pentagon officials (Women in combat-closer than you think, 1980). The United States Army has also recognized that women would be deployed in combat zones as an inevitable consequence of their assignments. This was confirmed in the following statement made by then Army Chief of Staff, General Bernad W. Rogers: ?Some people believe that women soldiers will not be deployed in the event of hostilities: that they are only to be part-time soldiers here in peace, gone i n war. Women are an essential part of the force; they will deploy with their units and they will serve in the skills in which they have been trained? (Holm, 1982, p. 286). It appears that the combat exclusion policy does not realistically exclude women from combat, and it seems the militarys reliance on women is increasing. Schneider (1988) conducted interviews with women in traditionally male jobs, asking them what they felt their status would become if a war broke out. In general, they believed that they could not and would not be removed in combat situation? (p. 162). The following was taken from two of these interviews. ?Ive already asked,? said a first flight engineer on a C-5, what happens if Im sitting on alert in Europe somewhere and something really happens? Does that mean that they dont have a legal crew anymore because the engineer cant go A Coast Guard female lieutenant had this to say: I was the trained CIC officer, responsible for the combat information center. Along with a team of radar men, CIC must plot all enemy and friendly forces and advise the bridge of such things as incoming missiles?. Im the one thats used to working with these guys. That was the purpose of sending us through that simulated training, so that we could get used to working together as a team. What would they do? They couldnt just fly me off and stick somebody else in there? (Schneider, 1988, p.162). .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da , .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .postImageUrl , .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da , .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da:hover , .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da:visited , .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da:active { border:0!important; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da:active , .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u60772c370f5e9e0dfc59416a269476da:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Al Gore: Presidential Candidate EssayIt appears that the United States military is in a position where women are so fully and flexibly involved in the organizational structure, that in a war, it would be very difficult to separate them out. Yet, there are those who feel those women are not physically

My Experience in America Essays

My Experience in America Essays My Experience in America Essay My Experience in America Essay Two and half years ago, when I arrived in the USA, I did not know my life would change in a certain way. For example, when I was in Bangladesh I did not have to worry about getting successful in future because I knew when right after I graduated high school in Bangladesh, I would follow my father’s footstep to be a contractor. Mention that, to be a contractor in Bangladesh you do not need much of education. However, life, after I came to America, has changed and I decided to be a person who would help out my own family and the poor people in Bangladesh by being a Medical Doctor. In Bangladesh, where I am from, the living environment is drastically different from the USA. The selectivity of who could pursue a higher education and receive a professional degree limited my potential to grow as a student. I experienced, as a first-hand witness, the sickness and ailments that plagued my country. This motivated me to search for the knowledge and abilities to help people. Coming to the states I felt a liberation; I could release myself to follow a career in health field. I became exposed to opportunities from every corner and I made it one of my goals to take advantage of all of them. Though I was faced with a cultural and language barrier I learned to break through them with dedication, confidence, and a proactive attitude. I seek to pursue a medical career. I think there is always a reason behind someone who they want to be and my reason is to become doctor is because when I was in Bangladesh, I was in a village where we have broken roads, no hospitals, no electricity, no higher education, etc. We did not have any hospital around our area; however, if anyone wants to go to hospital or clinic they have to drive 2 hours just to get to the hospital! It was one of the winter evening, when my neighbor’s wife was pregnant and it was the time she was about to give birth. There were lot of people gathered to my neighbor’s house to help them

Guest Speakers and Investigation of Lifestyling Case Study

Guest Speakers and Investigation of Lifestyling - Case Study Example On the other hand, unlike most partnerships, the John Lewis Partnership has distinctive HR structure and management because it is employee-owned and among the main aims is guaranteeing happiness for all the members (John Lewis Partnership, 2015). Given Capital Insight’s reputation, the consultancy has been the provider of HR solutions for corporations through excellent ideas on retained contracts, interim support, outsourced services, training design and delivery among other significant areas focusing on personnel management. Moreover, Capital Insight advocates for the Soft and Hard Models of HRM. Despite being a well-established company in the UK, Capital Insight has worked even with small firms providing manageable services at low costs (Capital Insight, 2015). I think the experience of more than two decades has made it easy for the company to understand the UK market and corporations hence their strong reputation and credibility. This is the reason why, unlike other consultancy agencies, Capital Insight can provide services to companies and allow on-going monthly payments. Capital Insight’s persistence on speed, quality and expertise as the main values of performance and achievements makes the provision of the HR services very efficient. However, the culture is the key aspect to the professionals guaranteeing their clients interim support despite the limitations of time (Capital Insight, 2015). Helping the HR departments for large corporations such as Virgin, Siemens or Fins-bury Food Group reflects on the powerful reputation of Capital Insight, which shows that the amount of attention given to reputation determines a company’s success and can become an issue too. I believe Capital Insight’s input in developing standard and strong relationships with the clients facilitates their ability to offer specific services most consultancy agencies overlook such as conflict management.  

Interview of an HR Manager Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interview of an HR Manager - Assignment Example According to Judy Rossum, her job within the company is to maintain a proper balance between the interests of the company and the welfare of the employees. It is also part of her job to ensure that the company will never be over or under staffed during any given production season. It is not an easy according to her. But thanks to her assistants, she manages to pull off what can be considered to be a monster of a headache type of job. Since the company has only been around for 2 years and does not have an enormous staff like its big-time counterparts. Judy only needs a total of 6 assistants to help make sure that all her job requirements are met. but even with the assistants, she still meets some tasks that take a lot of her time to resolve. Some of the issues that she has to handle include the performance evaluation of the employees and employee labor complaints. She does her best to resolve the problems in such a manner that the company will not have to call in a legal adviser in order to resolve the situations in the case of labor complaints. While when it comes to performance evaluations, she has to make sure that the rating is applied to the employee is always fair, balanced, and based solely on his workplace attitude and job performance. Ms. Rossum believes that there is a tremendous amount of room for further professional development in the field of human resources. She suggested that those who are in the position to further the field do so by increasing the training and development programs for current and future human resource managers. This can be done through a consistent and thorough study of human development theories, practices, and processes. Updating the necessary areas in order to keep human resources abreast of 21st-century business and employee  needs.  

Saving the Pacific Salmon Essay Example for Free

Saving the Pacific Salmon Essay Salmon are one of the most important fish species in the world, and in the Pacific Northwest the fish are a way of life for many species of plants and animals, including humans. The major problem that humans are facing is that the population of wild salmon is dangerously low as compared to historic numbers due to over-fishing and human degradation (including dams, chemical pollution and land use impacts. ). Pacific Salmon are now extinct in forty percent of the rivers they once thrived in (Four Fish). Zoologist George Suckley stated in 1854, that the Pacific coast salmon were â€Å"one of the striking wonders of the region these fish. astonish by number, and confuse with variety. †(In a Sea of Trouble) and that â€Å"The quantities for salmon which frequent these waters is beyond calculation, and seems to be so great as to challenge human ingenuity to effect it in any way. † (In a Sea of Trouble). In order to get a better grasp on the problems humans are causing we need to first understand the salmons life cycle. In the Pacific Northwest there are five different species of salmon: Chinook, Pink, Dog, Coho, and Silver. All of which are anadromous basically meaning that they live in both fresh and salt water. These fish start life hatching many miles upstream on the gravel beds in rivers on the pacific coasts of North America, and Asia, were they grow into smolts as they are carried downstream to the sea. Once at sea the salmon spend one to seven years maturing. Then for reasons unknown to scientists, a homing impulse triggers them to make an astonishing journey back to the very river or tributary they were hatched in (Salmon). At least that is how it is supposed to work. When Lewis and Clark made their famous expedition nearly two centuries ago they marveled at the â€Å"great quants. of Salmon† they had seen in the Columbia River in Washington State, which in 1860 produced sixteen million salmon annually. Today the figure has dropped to less than one million respectively (Where the Salmon Rule). In 1990 not one sock-eye salmon out of a population of thousands made its way back to its spawning area in Redfish Lake, Idaho (In a Sea of Trouble). The brutal decline is emblematic of the problem. Biologists Willa Nehlen, Jack Williams, and James Litchatowich reported that of the hundreds of distinct native populations that were once common to the Pacific Coast are disappearing. Of the original stocks 106 are extinct, 102 definitely face extinction, fifty-eight are at moderate risk, and fifty-four are a matter of concern. All in all the report said that 214 natural spawning routes are in very serious trouble (Fish-eries Mar. /April issue). What possibly could be the reason for the sharp decline of this life giving species of fish? HUMANS. Let’s start with dams. The first half of the twentieth century, in order to harness the power of the rivers in the Pacific Northwest for producing electricity, and producing water for irrigation in the semi-arid valleys, countless dams were built. The engineers that built these structures had the salmon in mind during the design phase. They constructed fish ladders and artificial falls designed to allow the upstream passage for the salmon past all the concrete now blocking the rivers vital to the species. On the Columbia River alone eight major dams were built, while a spattering of additional smaller dams were plugging up the tributaries. There was something that the engineers did not account for and that is for each existing dam five to fourteen percent of adult salmon moving upstream cannot find the fish ladders, or if they do end up getting lost in the vast reservoirs created between dams. And worse yet the engineers designed the ladders and artificial falls for fish moving upstream, not the smolts making their way downstream to the Pacific Ocean. It is estimated that we lose ninety percent of the smolts that count on the flow of the river to carry them to the Ocean. Instead the juvenile fish get caught and mutilated in the screens or die due to predation in the reservoirs (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife). Another huge problem to the choked rivers is land degradation. Every year the U. S. Forest Service sanctions timber and grazing practices on the national forest lands in the regions that are ecologically prudent to native salmon populations. The clear cutting, roadways, and destruction harm the salmon that make it through the dams indefinitely. Salmon need cool clean water to survive the journey to their spawning grounds, and the logging industry cuts all the trees down, which in turn lets more radiation from the sun hit the water and heat it up. The trees being cut down speeds up the erosion of the soil, which pours into the streams making them very dirty which suffocates the eggs and alevins. Road and rail construction causes land-slides that block rivers (The Plundered Seas). A study conducted by the Forest Service looked at several hundreds of miles of streams in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho counting cool clean pools that are critical to wild salmon. They found that fifty to seventy-five percent of the pools were gone in the most heavily logged areas. Those areas that were spared still remained stable or even gained pools over the last fifty years. One of if not the largest problem is that of overfishing. Humans with their large boats and drift nets sometimes spanning thirty miles in length, gill nets and fish wheels can catch salmon by the millions. Alaska alone harvests 200 million fish annually to keep up with the demand. The United States, which is limited by strict total allowable catch quotas (TAC’S) that monitor and limit the overall weight of fish which fishermen may land, based on advice by scientists, and is enforced by the U. S. Fish and game Service. Although sometimes the TAC is wrong, and the U. S. takes to many fish we are not the main problem here. It is the other countries that illegally set their nets in our waters to poach salmon by the millions. Specifically the Taiwanese fishing fleets whose thousands of miles of netting plucked at least by estimate of the NMFS eight million illegal salmon last year (NMFS). Also the NMFS estimates that at least twenty million West Coast salmon are caught illegally every year. As it stands now according to 1996 study Factors Contributing to the Decline of Chinook Salmon estimates that in recent years harvest impacts on Puget Sound Chinook salmon stocks have been quite high on average sixty-eight to eighty-three percent of the wild stock has been taken by fishing. And that is a problem when you consider the other factors that man has created that impede or harm native stocks. Pollution from pulp mills, industry and agriculture has also had a devastating effect salmon. Aluminum pollution has had a particularly horrible effect on the gills of the salmon. The aluminum mutates the thin mucous membrane from which the fish takes its oxygen and keeping out potentially damaging microbes into a crusty damaged organ that inhibits the fish’s ability to transition from fresh to salt water (Nature’s Crusaders). Also it has been found that mixtures of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides that are commonly detected in freshwater streams and reservoirs that support endangered species of salmon. What happens is the pesticides can inhibit the activity of acetyl cholinesterase which is a hormone secreted to aid in neural function (The Synergistic Toxicity of Pesticide Mixtures). Several of these chemicals when mixed together in relatively low doses have proven to be fatal for the salmon, whereas individually the chemicals in the same doses are non-lethal. In the late nineteenth century man noticed that there were less salmon in the waters of the Pacific Northwest and something had to be done to supplement the commercial fishermen’s catch. Thus came the idea of hatcheries. Hatcheries work like this: Salmon that are returning to spawn in their home rivers are captured. These captured fish contain both males and females. The eggs are taken from the females, and the sperm is taken from the males and mixed together to form fertilized eggs. The eggs are then incubated, where the hatched fish are placed in holding tanks to grow and develop. When adequate growth is reached the fish are released into the river where they make their way to the ocean, mature and return back to the hatchery or spawning grounds. This practice makes the survival rates increase because there are no predators in hatcheries and their environment stays constant plus food is abundant. So what is the problem with hatcheries you might ask? The answer is genetic diversity. The fish that come to the hatcheries (which are set up along rivers) get a lot of the same fish back every year. Currently, most of the fish in the hatcheries are fourth, fifth, and sixth generation stocks from the hatchery. These fish keep being bred with genetically similar fish, which weakens the population as a whole. On the Columbia River in 2006 8,157 oho salmon were caught for a study to determine how many were hatchery fish, and the results were shocking. Of those fish 6,234 were hatchery fish leaving only around 1900 as wild stock (The End of the Line). Without genetic diversity the salmons’ immune systems get weakened and they become more susceptible to diseases that normally wouldn’t affect them. Also a concern for hatcheri es is that they grow larger than their wild counterparts and evidence suggests that the larger hatchery fish kill wild stock due to predation (Northwest fisheries Science Center). Hatcheries are also known to have disease outbreaks that can be transmitted to wild stock. Now that I have shown that there is a problem let’s take a look at what lower numbers of salmon effect in their environment. When Salmon make their epic runs up the rivers of the Pacific Northwest not all survive. Bears numbering in the hundreds stand in the rivers plucking fish out of the water trying to put on pounds and pounds of fat to get them and their cubs through the long northern winters, and the salmon are the bears’ main source of calories (Planet Earth). When the salmon runs are abundant the bears only eat the skin, brain, and eggs of the fish because they are the parts with the highest calorie content. So along the shores of the rivers lie thousands maybe even hundreds of thousands of carcasses that are free for the taking by wolves, coyotes, fox, raptors, insects and any other opportunistic animals. These remains are vital to the overall health of many different species of land animals, not to mention plants as well. Even after the animal kingdom has had their way with the carcasses there is still rotting flesh and bone that gets left behind. A study of fifty different watersheds in the Great Bear Rainforest on British Columbia’s central coast says that the predation of salmon provides a â€Å"potent nutrient subsidy† that drives plant growth in the surrounding forest. Numbers nearing fifty percent of the salmon are getting carried to the forest, with the remaining fish that make it to the spawning grounds to reproduce and die ending up decomposing on the banks. The study observed everything from lichens to shrubs and found that nitrogen loving plants were thriving in these areas (The Vancouver Sun Mar. 25, 2011). The areas that did not have the salmon were not as robust. When the salmon decompose carbon and nitrogen get released into the soil. That coupled with animal scat makes for very rich fertilizer making the forest grow thick and lush (Hanley and Schnell 1998). When dealing with an issue of this scope one must take into consideration the many obstacles that will present themselves, such as how to regulate the many countries that have access to the Pacific Ocean. How will funding be provided for the operation? How to peacefully find an alternative for those who depend on salmon for their family’s livelihood. Continuing research for hatcheries and the money that will be needed and so on and so forth. My plan to preserve the pacific salmon is multi-tiered and complex, but if the people involved can be agreeable a sacred and valuable species can be saved. First the issue of regulating all the coastal countries for poachers must be addressed. I propose that these countries involved start a salmon fishing enforcement bureau that is a combined and comprehensive unit tasked to regulate, seek out, and enforce the laws and regulations with steep penalties decided by a committee comprised of representatives from each respective country. Secondly I propose that all commercial fishing be halted until the populations of salmon can recover. Once recovered then commercial fishing can be continued at a reasonable rate as advised by the bureau’s biologists. Doing this would outrage the fishermen who depend on salmon for their income, but there is a solution to this as well. The misplaced fishermen will have the option to be trained free of cost, (made possible by government funding) and assigned jobs at salmon farms and hatcheries, also the processing plants that butcher and package the salmon. While the fishing ban is in effect the nation will rely on fish farms to provide salmon for consumption by humans. Except those indigenous peoples (such as the Indian Tribes and Inuit) that will be given rights to a predetermined number of fish for their freezers to be consumed. To address the problem that the hatcheries and farms produce regarding disease and inbreeding the government will redirect money in the national budget to enlist the help of the foremost experts in the field to figure out ow to eliminate disease and genetically diversify the stocks coming from the farms and hatcheries. Next the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers will demolish dams at strategic locations to allow the salmon free passage up their streams and rivers. To supplement the cheap electricity that will be lost, wind and solar farms will be set up to get electric to customers that the dams supplied electric to. Also we will utilize available technology to modify the dams in a way that all migrating fish will know where to go, and receive safe passage through the structure. Logging companies will be mandated to not build roads or clear cut trees any closer than 1 mile from a salmon spawning river or tributary unless it is deemed necessary by the U. S. Division of Parks and Recreation. Enlisting the help of the EPA would be a priority. The EPA could ban the use of certain pesticides that contain aluminum in their chemical makeup, and test farmers land to regulate and arrest (if necessary) those in violation. In closing I would like to state that the future of the Pacific salmon is clouded by all of the problems I listed in the above paragraphs. And it was we who have created this problem, so it has to be we who fix it. Implementing the plan I have devised will be challenging, tough and expensive, but if the American people can be patient and understanding I know we can come together as a country and fix our mistake and save the salmon. We have to. Salmon are more than fish; they are one of the last great symbols of the west, and givers of life to so many people, plants, and animals. To lose them due to non-natural causes (like we did the bison) would be a travesty. The world would quite literally be a lot less beautiful without them, and I cannot imagine it. Can you?

The Balance Of Power Theory Essay -- essays research papers

The Balance of Power Theory The most critical and obvious feature of international affairs is its state of anarchy. The international stage features many indepent actors each seeking their own best interest and security . With no sovereign body to govern over these actors it would seem that the system would never be capable of attaining any control. However this is not the reality of the system, we have seen in history that it is possible to restrain the players. It is said to be as a result of the concept of the Balance Of Power, which dictates the actions of states and provides a basis of control that states use when dealing with each other. This essay is aimed at investigating the concept of the balance of power and will in turn discuss the following points. The use of the B.O.P. concept to explain the behaviour of states . The ideal behaviour of states in the B.O.P. system and the problems of B.O.P. analysis. The concept of the B.O.P. can be a useful tool in explaining the behaviour of states. Mostly because it is founded on the theory that all states act to preserve thier own self interest. If they are to do this they must prevent domination by any other state, which leads to the assumption that they must build up power and form alliances. Throughout history we can see the B.O.P. concept in action. The clearest example of the B.O.P. concept can be found in the Cold War. In the Cold War the two superpowers the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. held a stable world balance between t...

Agriculture Industry Linkages in the Economy of Jammu and Kashmir Essay

Agriculture plays an important role in contributing to socio-economic development in many countries. It is the primary source for employment, livelihood, and food security for the majority of rural people. The success of this continuation depends largely on the direct impact it has on the national economy as well as how the agricultural sector stimulates the growth of other sectors in the economy. Consequently, understanding the role of agriculture and its linkages to the rest of the economy is important. The inter-relationship between agriculture and industry has been a long debated issue in the development literature. In the Indian context the issue has acquired interest since industrial stagnation in the mid 1960s. Over the years the Indian economy has undergone a structural change in its sectoral composition: from a primary agro-based economy during the 1970s, the economy has emerged as predominant in industry. This has triggered an interest in readdressing the analytical and methodological aspects of the interlinkages between the two sectors the service sector since the 1990s. This structural changes and the uneven pattern of growth of agriculture, industry and service sector economy in the post reforms period is likely to appear substantial changes in the production and demand linkages among various the economy. At the same time the growing integration with the rest of the world in the post-reform period (post 1991 period) and the recent spurt of service sector led growth are also likely to have significant impact on the linkages between the agriculture and industry. This has triggered an interest in read dressing the analytical and methodological aspects of the interlinkages between the two sectors. That agriculture and industry being integral component of development process due to their mutual interdependence and symbiotic relationship, the contribution of agriculture to the economy in general and to industry in particular is well known in almost all the developing countries. However, the degree of interdependence may vary and also change over time. In the theory and empirical literature, the inter-relationship between agriculture and industry has been discussed from different channels. First, agriculture supplies food grains to industry to facilitate absorption of labour in the industry sector. Secondly, agriculture supplies the inputs like raw cotton, jute, tea, coffee etc. needed by the agro-based industries. Thirdly, industry supplies industrial inputs, such as fertilizer, pesticides, machinery etc. to the agriculture sector. Fourthly, agriculture influences the output of industrial consumer goods through demand. Fifthly, agriculture generates surpluses of savings, which can be mobilized for investment in industry, and other sectors of the economy. Sixthly, fluctuations in agricultural production may affect private corporate investment decisions through the impact of the terms of trade on profitability, whereas some of these channels emphasize the â€Å"agriculture-industry‟ linkage on the supply side or production side, others stress the linkages through the demand side. The production linkages basically arise from the interdependence of the sectors for meeting the needs of their productive inputs, whereas the demand linkage arises from the interdependence of the sectors for meeting final consumption. Further, the linkages between the two sectors can also be categorized into two groups based on the direction of interdependence. One is the backward linkage, which identifies how a sector depends on others for their input supplies and the other is the forward linkage, which identifies how the sector distributes its outputs to the remaining economy. More importantly, these two linkages can indicate a sector’s economic pull and push, because the direction and level of such linkages present the potential capacity of each sector to stimulate other sectors and then reflect the role of this sector accordingly. As far as Jammu and Kashmir is concerned Agriculture is the predominant sector of the economy. Directly and indirectly, it supports about 80 per cent of the population besides contributing nearly 60 per cent of the state revenue, which adequately explains the over-dependency of the population on agriculture. The overall economic growth of the state depends largely on the progress of the agricultural sector, the development of which becomes even more important in the context of the very nominal progress it has made in the secondary sectors. With the introduction of planned development in the state during 1951-56, production of foodgrains and fruits has increased considerably. During 1998-99, the state produced 15.50 lakh quintals of food grains against 4.53 lakh quintal in 1950-51. Of this, Kashmir region contributed 27.20 per cent, Jammu region 72.14 per cent and Ladakh and Kargil region 0.66 per cent Industries play a vital role in the development of an economy. In this regard unfortunately, J&K has not been able to attract investments in industries and remained as an industrially backward state. The state does not have a strong industrial base, because geographical location of the state is such that the setting up of large industries with a large Capital base is not feasible, besides adverse environmental consequences. Nevertheless, many small and medium-scale industries have come up basically in the traditional sectors along with areas like food processing, agro-based units and metallic and non metallic products. Thus in such an sectoral environment were industrial sector has low opportunity, Agriculture provide basic linkages in its development . Thus the state of Jammu and Kashmir were main source of income is agriculture for masses of people, the linkages between Agriculture and Industry is very important to study in order to know the potential of Agriculture to develop an industrial environment in the state. In mean while it is important to study the dependence of agriculture on industry, so that both sectors will flourish the development in the state of Jammu & Kashmir. The macroeconomic linkage between the agricultural sector and industrial growth has been one of the most widely investigated in the development literature. In the early stages, researchers paid great attention in studying the relationship between the agricultural and industrial sectors, and how these sectors were inter-related. They argued that agriculture only plays a passive role; which is to be the most important source of resources (food, fiber, and raw material) for the development of industry and other nonagricultural sectors (Rosenstein-Rodan, 1943; Lewis, 1954; Ranis and Fei, 1961). Many of these analysts highlighted agriculture for its resource abundance, and its ability to transfer surpluses to the more important industrial sector. India being a predominantly agrarian economy and an agro-based industrial structure, the interrelationship between agriculture and industry has been one of the major issues for the researchers and policy makers since the beginning of the planning period. In the pre and early post-independence period, the industry sector had a close relationship with agriculture due to the agro-based industrial structure (Satyasai and Baidyanathan, 1997). Satyasai and Viswanathan (1999) found that the output elasticity of industry with respect to agriculture was 0.13 during 1950-51 to 1965-66. Rangarajan (1982) has found that a 1.0 percent growth in agricultural production increases industrial production by 0.5 percent, and thus, GDP by 0.7 percent during 1961-1972. However, the industrial sector witnessed a slow growth, stagnation since the mid 1960s, which was largely attributed to the stunnedagricultural growth and favourable agricultural TOT, among other factors (Patnaik, 1972; Nayyar, 1978 and Bhatla, 2003).10 In fact the interdependence between the two sectors has found to be weakened during the 1980s and 1990s (Bhattacharya and Mitra, 1989; Satyasai and Viswanathan, 1997). For instance, Bhattacharya and Rao (1986) have found that the partial output elasticity of industry with respect to agriculture has declined from 0.15 during 1951/52 – 1965/66 to 0.03 during 1966/67-1983/84. Contradictorily, Satyasai and Viswanathan (1999) found that the output elasticity of industry with respect to agriculture has increased from 0.13 during 1950/51-1965/66 to 0.18 during 1966/67–1983/84, and then remained at the same level 0.18 during 1984/85-1996/97. The deteriorating linkages between agriculture and industry have been primarily credited to the deficiency in demand for agricultural products, decline in share of agro-based industries coupled with slow employment growth (Rangarajan, 1982; Bhattacharya and Rao, 1986; and Chowdhury and Chowdhury, 1995). Sastry et al. (2003), for the period 1981-82 to 1999-2000, found that the forward production linkage between agriculture and industry has declined, whereas backward production linkage has increased. They also found significant impact of agricultural output on industrial output, and that agriculture’s demand linkage to industry has declined, while that of from industry to agriculture has increased. Economic and Political Weekly August 26, 1989 1963 wean agriculture and merely the set of industrial consumption goods like clothing, footwear, sugar and edible oils, it may be concluded that the overall intersectoral linkages appear quite modest. The early writers, for example Rosestein-Rodan (1943), Lewis (1954), Scitovosky (1954), Hirchman (1958), Jorgeson (1961), Fei and Ranis (1961) and others emphasized the role of agriculture only as a primary supplier of wage goods and raw materials and abundant labour supply to industry (Johnston and Mellor, 1961 and Vogel, 1994). The role of agriculture in the transformation of a developing economy was seen as ancillary to the central strategy of accelerating the pace of industrialization (Vogel, 1994). Kalecki (1976) also pointed out the importance of investment and technological advances in agriculture for the rapid development of industry. The traditional literature on inter-sectoral linkages in the growth process generally emphasises the role of agriculture as a primary supplier of wage goods and raw materials to industry (supply-linkage on the one hand and as a provider of major output for in- dustrial goods (demand linkage) on the other [Johnston and Mellor, 1961 and tertiary sector in a modern economy. Further, it may be noted that with growing mechanization of agriculture it becomes dependent on industry for basic inputs, like, fertiliser, power, pesticides, etc. Incidentally the agriculture-industry relationship becomes more complicated in this process. A slow growth of net availability of food- grains or alternatively the movement of inter-sectoral terms of trade in favor of the agricultural sector is believed to cause deceleration of the industrial sector. However, empirically speaking there was no slow down in the growth of production of food- grains after the mid-sixties [Ahluwalia: 1985]. Nor was there any fall in the marketed surplus of agriculture [rhamarajakshi: 1977] so as to be related to the industrial decelera- tion. But, so far as the agriculture vis-à  -vis industry terms of trade is concerned, one en- counters a series of mixed evidence. Whe Thamarajakshi [1977], and Mitra [1977] visualised a favouralJe terms of trade for the agricultural sector during the mid-sixties andearly seventies, Khalon and lyagi [1983] obtained evidence that stand quite contrary to others’ view. Mundle [1977], however main- tains that in terms of intersectoral resource flow-of which terms of trade is just a single component-the industrial sector has been undergoing loss since the mid-sixties. Prior to that it was agriculture which was experiencing an outflow of resources. Rangarajan [1982a] in his macro econometric model makes an attempt to capture the demand linkage between agriculture and industry. He identifies a positive impact that agricultural output has on the demand for industrial consumption goods. The effect of foodgrain terms of trade on industrial products has been negative but elasticity is negligible. Both agricultural output and terms of trade had a positive influence on household saving and investment. Keeping in view such segmented impact of agriculture on industry zplaining the behaviour of indugtrial produc- tion purely in terms of agricultural performance .Bhattacharya and Rao [1986] emphasisesthe sluggishness that continued in the per-formance of industry even after the relative relaxation of the wage goods constraint that occurred during the green revolution period. Thus, the theoretical literature in the â€Å"agriculture-industry linkages † has broadly highlighted the place of agriculture and non-agriculture sector, especially industry in the development process and contribution of each in augmenting growth of output and employment. Most of the theoretical literature has largely focused only on one side of the â€Å"agriculture-industry linkages ’’ i.e. either the supply side linkages or demand side linkages. However it is both the demand side and supply side linkages that work together in an inter-sectoral framework, which determines the interlinkages between the two sectors. In this respect Bhaduri (2003) and Bhaduri (2007) are two important contributions in the literature. Bhaduri (2003) extends Kaldor’s model by considering the role of the agricultural surplus from the supply side as well as the importance of the demand side effect for industrial goods. In this set up, both the sectors grow in tandem, reinforcing and reinvigorating each other’s growth impulse, by resolving each other’s potential realization problem (Jha, 2010). Further, Bhaduri et al. (2007) have extended the Kaldor’s model by contrasting between the supply side and demand side linkages of the two sectors from the TOT point of view. Thus there has been lot of researches, publication and models on the topic â€Å"Agriculture industry linkages in the economy† given by many renowned economists, and peoples associated with this field. Everyone concluded that there is an unlimited linkage between two sectors which not only develop one other but also give birth to other sectors as well. Thus to conclude it can be said that in an economy mostly there is a l arge number of linkages originated from a primary level and put economy to those sectors which keep it in the level of developed ones.

Definition of Thawab - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 378 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/10/10 Category Religion Essay Level High school Tags: Islam Essay Did you like this example? Thawab or Sawab  is actually an Arabic term meaning reward. Exclusively, in the situation of an Islamic worldview, thawab describes religious value or benefit that accumulates coming from the efficiency of kindness as well as piety. Pronunciation The word thawab is utilized throughout the Islamic globe, so the spelling and pronunciation is a little various coming from one location to yet another. In Kazakh community, for example, it might be articulated as sauap, in Iran as savab, in Arab areas as thawab and in India and Pakistan as savab or even sawab. In Bosnian as well as Turkish the word comes to be sevap. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Definition of Thawab" essay for you Create order Activities for earning thawab Normally any type of as well as all excellent acts are looked at to assist in the direction of gaining sawab, but for a Muslim there are actually particular actions that are even more rewarding than others. The primary contributive aspect on the level of the reward is based on ones purpose in ones soul the silent, overlooked one that God understands as well as certainly not the shared, articulated one. These might be synonymous, yet the expression is not demanded just before executing the deed. The praiseworthy acts in Islam could be partitioned into groups the spiritual excellent and the ethical excellent. There can not be ethical great without the spiritual good. Or even at the very least the ethical goodwill certainly not have a higher bearing if not alonged with the spiritual excellent. Metaphysical great includes the process of prayer featuring Prayer (necessary and also supererogatory), recognition of God in the aftermath of the request or at every other opportunity, takes action of recommended charitable organization (zakat), reading of the Quran, and many more. The moral excellent arrives from treating parents with passion and also affection, and also certainly not along with derision; exploring sick individuals, always keeping ties of affinity, devoting loan carefully in philanthropic causes, providing family members their as a result of legal rights, etc. The relevant benefits of each act exists along with God alone, as well as depends on such aspects as the degree of the level of reparation, the difficulty sustained (or that will endure coming from carrying out the excellent), motive for benefits in the hereafter, and so on.